Over, within, except
Core words, Stage 4chunk 67 of 79Things, kinds and amounts
Put limits on amounts and times, and leave things out.
- ijouor more; over; that's all
- igaiexcept; other than; besides
- inaiwithin (a time, number or distance)
- teidodegree; extent; about (after an amount)
Mix-ups Igai (except) sounds like igai (surprising); ijou and inai include the number.
ijou
or more; over; that's all
After a number it includes the number: juunin ijou = ten or more people.
Ending a talk or an order, ijou desu = 'that's all'.
ichijikan ijou matta yo.
I waited over an hour.
一時間以上待ったよ。
ichijikan ijou machimashita.
I waited more than an hour.
一時間以上待ちました。
Written 以上 · いじょうRank #349 in 3,030 TV dramas
igai
except; other than; besides
Sounds the same as igai (surprising); context tells them apart.
niku igai nara nan demo ii yo.
Anything's fine except meat.
肉以外ならなんでもいいよ。
niku igai nara nan demo ii desu.
Anything but meat is fine.
肉以外ならなんでもいいです。
Written 以外 · いがいRank #492 in 3,030 TV dramas
inai
within (a time, number or distance)
Includes the number: mikka inai = in three days or less. Sounds like inai (isn't here).
juppun inai ni tsuku yo.
I'll be there within ten minutes.
十分以内に着くよ。
juppun inai ni tsukimasu.
I'll arrive within ten minutes.
十分以内に着きます。
Written 以内 · いないRank #2546 in 3,030 TV dramas
teido
degree; extent; about (after an amount)
After an amount it means 'about': sanjuppun teido = about thirty minutes.
Aru teido = to some extent. Gurai is the casual 'about'.
aru teido wa wakaru yo.
I understand it to some extent.
ある程度はわかるよ。
aru teido wa wakarimasu.
I understand it up to a point.
ある程度はわかります。
Written 程度 · ていどRank #1368 in 3,030 TV dramas