Breakfast
Collocations, Stage 4chunk 1 of 25Food & drink
The morning kitchen: making a cup of tea or coffee, putting sugar in it, making toast, or skipping breakfast.
- ocha o irerumake tea
- satou o ireruput sugar in, add sugar
- pan o yakutoast bread; bake bread
- asagohan o nukuskip breakfast
Mix-ups ireru works two ways here: ocha o ireru is brewing the cup, and satou o ireru is literally putting sugar in. Neither is tsukuru. Toast is pan o yaku (yaku covers bake, grill and toast), and skipping a meal is nuku, not tobasu.
ocha o ireru
polite ocha o iremasumake tea
お茶を入れる おちゃをいれる お茶を入れます
verbireru 入れるput in; for tea or coffee, brew by pouring on hot watertypical 20% of ocha
trap English 'make tea' leads to ocha o tsukuru; for a cup or pot of tea or coffee the verb is ireru. tsukuru is used for a big jug, as in mugicha o tsukuru.
Said when offering or asking for a cup: ocha ireru ne (I'll make tea), koohii irete (make me a coffee). Casual speech drops o.
ocha ireru kedo, nomu?
I'm making tea, want some?
お茶入れるけど、飲む？
ocha iremasu kedo, ikaga desu ka?
I'm making tea. Would you like some?
お茶入れますけど、いかがですか？
koohii o ireru works the same way. Serving tea to a guest is ocha o dasu; ireru is the brewing. Sugar or milk going into the cup uses ireru in its plain 'put in' sense: satou ireru? (do you take sugar?).
Same verb: koohii (coffee), koucha (black tea)Main list: ireru (Stage 4), tsukuru (Stage 3), dasu (Stage 4)
satou o ireru
polite satou o iremasuput sugar in, add sugar
砂糖を入れる さとうをいれる 砂糖を入れます
verbireru 入れるput in; add (to a drink or dish)typical 13% of satou
trap English 'do you take sugar?' has no 'take' in Japanese: sugar or milk going into a drink is ireru (satou ireru?). Say irete for yes and daijoubu for no; a bare iranai is only for friends.
Asked when making someone coffee or tea (satou ireru? = sugar?), and also said about adding sugar when cooking. Casual speech drops o, and polite speech says osatou.
koucha ni satou irenaide ne.
Don't put sugar in my tea, okay?
紅茶に砂糖入れないでね。
koucha ni wa, osatou o irenaide kudasai.
Please don't put sugar in my tea.
紅茶には、お砂糖を入れないでください。
Black coffee is burakku: burakku de ii yo (black's fine).
Same verb: miruku (milk), shio (salt), koori (ice), remon (lemon)Main list: ireru (Stage 4)
pan o yaku
polite pan o yakimasutoast bread; bake bread
パンを焼く パンをやく パンを焼きます
verbyaku 焼くcook with dry heat: grill, roast, bake, toast; also burntypical 8% of pan
Said at breakfast about toast (pan yaku? = want some toast?) and about baking at home. Casual speech drops o.
asa wa itsumo pan yaite taberu.
I always have toast in the morning.
朝はいつもパン焼いて食べる。
asa wa itsumo pan o yaite tabemasu.
I always have toast in the morning.
朝はいつもパンを焼いて食べます。
When it's done, the intransitive yakeru: pan yaketa yo (the toast is ready). yaku covers toast, bake and grill alike (keeki o yaku, niku o yaku, sakana o yaku). toosuto suru exists but is mostly recipe and packaging language; at home people say pan yaku.
Same verb: keeki (cake), kukkii (cookies), niku (meat), sakana (fish)Main list: taberu (Stage 2), asa (Stage 2), itsumo (Stage 2)
asagohan o nuku
polite asagohan o nukimasuskip breakfast
朝ご飯を抜く あさごはんをぬく 朝ご飯を抜きます
verbnuku 抜くpull out, take out, leave out
trap English 'skip' leads to tobasu, which is for pages or steps, not meals. Leaving out a meal is nuku; asagohan tabenakatta (didn't eat breakfast) is also fine.
Said about busy mornings and diets: asagohan nuita (I skipped breakfast), with o dropped and asagohan often cut to asa (asa nuichatta). For a habit you hear asa wa itsumo nuiteru.
kyou asagohan nuichatta.
I skipped breakfast today.
今日朝ご飯抜いちゃった。
kyou wa asagohan o nuichaimashita.
I skipped breakfast today.
今日は朝ご飯を抜いちゃいました。
When ordering, X nuki de means 'without X': sabi nuki de (no wasabi), koori nuki de (no ice).
Same verb: hirugohan (lunch), bangohan (dinner), shokuji (a meal)Main list: asa (Stage 2), itsumo (Stage 2), -chau (Stage 1), -teru (Stage 1)