Clothes and shoes
Collocations, Stage 2chunk 4 of 24Clothes & wearing
The everyday on/off pairs for what you're dressed in: clothes go on with kiru, shoes with haku, and both come off with nugu.
- fuku o kiruput on / wear clothes
- kutsu o hakuput on / wear shoes
- kutsu o nugutake off shoes
- fuku o nugutake off clothes, get undressed
Mix-ups kiru vs haku: kiru for the torso or whole body, haku for anything you step into; nugu takes both off, so drill kiru/haku against the one nugu (fuku kite / kutsu haite / kutsu nuide).
fuku o kiru
polite fuku o kimasuput on / wear clothes
服を着る ふくをきる 服を着ます
verbkiru 着るput on or wear on the body (tops, coats, dresses)typical 32% of fuku
trap kiru only covers tops and whole-body clothes (shirt, coat, dress, kimono). English 'wear' also covers shoes, trousers, hats and glasses, which take other verbs (haku, kaburu, kakeru).
Mostly heard as kiteru (is wearing, a state, not 'putting on now') or kiteku (wear when going out); casual speech drops o. kiteru 'wearing' is flat (ki-TE-RU) while kiteru 'has come' falls after ki (KI-te-ru), so pitch as well as context tells them apart.
ashita donna fuku kiteku?
What are you wearing tomorrow?
明日どんな服着てく？
ashita wa donna fuku o kite ikimasu ka?
What are you wearing tomorrow?
明日はどんな服を着ていきますか？
Off: fuku o nugu. Changing into other clothes is fuku o kigaeru; looking good in them is fuku ga niau (niau ne).
Same verb: shatsu (shirt), kooto (coat), seetaa (sweater), kimono (kimono)Learn alongside: kutsu o haku, kutsu o nugu, fuku o nugu, zubon o haku (Stage 3), fuku o kigaeru (Stage 3), masuku o suru (Stage 4), masuku o hazusu (Stage 4), megane o kakeru (Stage 4), megane o hazusu (Stage 4), boushi o kaburu (Stage 4), yubiwa o suru (Stage 4), nekutai o suru (Stage 4), kousui o tsukeru (Stage 4)Main list: -teru (Stage 1), -te iku (Stage 4)
kutsu o haku
polite kutsu o hakimasuput on / wear shoes
靴を履く くつをはく 靴を履きます
verbhaku 履くput on or wear on the feet and legstypical 17% of kutsu
trap Not kutsu o kiru: anything on the feet or legs takes haku.
Said as kutsu haite (put your shoes on) at the door; casual speech drops o. haiteru means already has them on, not 'putting them on now'.
chotto matte, ima kutsu haku kara.
Hang on, I'm putting my shoes on.
ちょっと待って、今靴履くから。
sumimasen, ima kutsu o hakimasu node, chotto matte kudasai.
Sorry, I'm just putting my shoes on, one moment please.
すみません、今靴を履きますので、ちょっと待ってください。
Spelled like haku 'throw up' and haku 'sweep', but the pitch differs: haku 'put on' is flat (ha-KU), the other two fall after ha (HA-ku). Context helps too.
Same verb: kutsushita (socks), surippa (slippers), sandaru (sandals), buutsu (boots)Learn alongside: fuku o kiru, kutsu o nugu, fuku o nugu, zubon o haku (Stage 3), fuku o kigaeru (Stage 3), masuku o suru (Stage 4), masuku o hazusu (Stage 4), megane o kakeru (Stage 4), megane o hazusu (Stage 4), boushi o kaburu (Stage 4), yubiwa o suru (Stage 4), nekutai o suru (Stage 4), kousui o tsukeru (Stage 4)Main list: -teru (Stage 1)
kutsu o nugu
polite kutsu o nugimasutake off shoes
靴を脱ぐ くつをぬぐ 靴を脱ぎます
verbnugu 脱ぐtake off (clothes, shoes)typical 9% of kutsu
trap Not kutsu o toru: shoes and clothes come off with nugu, and toru sounds like picking them up.
Heard as kutsu nuide (kudasai) at home entrances, some restaurants and clinics. Casual speech drops o.
koko de kutsu nuide ne.
Take your shoes off here, OK?
ここで靴脱いでね。
koko de kutsu o nuide kudasai ne.
Please take your shoes off here.
ここで靴を脱いでくださいね。
A hat comes off with boushi o toru or nugu; glasses and accessories with hazusu.
Same verb: kooto (coat), zubon (trousers), kutsushita (socks)Learn alongside: fuku o kiru, kutsu o haku, fuku o nugu, zubon o haku (Stage 3), fuku o kigaeru (Stage 3), masuku o suru (Stage 4), masuku o hazusu (Stage 4), megane o kakeru (Stage 4), megane o hazusu (Stage 4), boushi o kaburu (Stage 4), yubiwa o suru (Stage 4), nekutai o suru (Stage 4), kousui o tsukeru (Stage 4)Main list: toru (Stage 4)
fuku o nugu
polite fuku o nugimasutake off clothes, get undressed
服を脱ぐ ふくをぬぐ 服を脱ぎます
verbnugu 脱ぐtake off (clothes, shoes)typical 8% of fuku
trap Not fuku o toru, which sounds like picking clothes up (fuku totte = pass me my clothes). Whatever goes on with kiru or haku (tops, trousers, shoes, socks) comes off with nugu. A hat comes off with toru or nugu. Glasses, masks, watches, ties and belts come off with hazusu, and casual toru works for most of them.
Heard as nuide (take them off) or nuida hou ga ii (you'd better take them off), and ofuku nuide (with the o- used to children) is what kids hear at bath time. When it's one layer, people name it: uwagi nuidara? (why not take your jacket off?). Casual speech drops o.
nureta fuku, hayaku nuida hou ga ii yo.
You'd better get out of those wet clothes.
濡れた服、早く脱いだ方がいいよ。
nureta fuku wa, hayaku nuida hou ga ii desu yo.
You'd better get out of those wet clothes.
濡れた服は、早く脱いだ方がいいですよ。
Once it's clear which garment, nugu alone is enough: atsui kara nuijaou (it's hot, I'll take it off).
Same verb: uwagi (jacket), kooto (coat), seetaa (sweater), kutsushita (socks)Learn alongside: fuku o kiru, kutsu o haku, kutsu o nugu, zubon o haku (Stage 3), fuku o kigaeru (Stage 3), masuku o suru (Stage 4), masuku o hazusu (Stage 4), megane o kakeru (Stage 4), megane o hazusu (Stage 4), boushi o kaburu (Stage 4), yubiwa o suru (Stage 4), nekutai o suru (Stage 4), kousui o tsukeru (Stage 4)Main list: toru (Stage 4), -ta hou ga ii (Stage 4), -tara? (Stage 4), -chau (Stage 1)