Of course, actually, apparently
Core words, Stage 2chunk 68 of 80Adverbs: manner and certainty
Lets you frame a fact as obvious, real, inferred or unfortunate.
- touzennatural; only to be expected; of course
- jissaiactually; in reality; in practice
- douyaraapparently; it seems
- zannen nagaraunfortunately; regrettably
Mix-ups Douyara is a guess from evidence; jissai states what is really so.
touzen
polite touzen desu
natural; only to be expected; of course
Says something is obvious or deserved; touzen desho is 'obviously!'.
Also an adverb: touzen shitteru, 'of course I know'. Touzen desho! can sound smug.
okotte touzen da yo.
You've every right to be angry.
怒って当然だよ。
okotte touzen desu yo.
You have every right to be angry.
怒って当然ですよ。
Written 当然 · とうぜん · 当然ですRank #746 in 3,030 TV dramas
jissai
actually; in reality; in practice
Contrasts reality with expectations or claims; also opens a sentence, 'honestly...'.
Jissai ni means the same.
jissai yatte miru to, muzukashii yo.
Once you actually try it, it's hard.
実際やってみると、難しいよ。
jissai yatte miru to, muzukashii desu yo.
When you actually try it, it's difficult.
実際やってみると、難しいですよ。
Written 実際 · じっさいRank #1110 in 3,030 TV dramas
douyara
apparently; it seems
Draws a conclusion from what you've seen or heard; usually ends with mitai or rashii.
douyara michi o machigaeta mitai.
Looks like we took a wrong turn.
どうやら道を間違えたみたい。
douyara michi o machigaeta you desu.
It seems we've taken the wrong road.
どうやら道を間違えたようです。
Written どうやらRank #1812 in 3,030 TV dramas
zannen nagara
unfortunately; regrettably
Softens bad news at the start of a sentence; a little formal.
In casual chat people often just say zannen! 'what a shame'.
zannen nagara, urikire datte.
Unfortunately, they say it's sold out.
残念ながら、売り切れだって。
zannen nagara, urikire da sou desu.
Unfortunately, it seems they're sold out.
残念ながら、売り切れだそうです。
Written 残念ながら · ざんねんながらRank #2032 in 3,030 TV dramas